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이화여자대학교 헬렌관 재건축 설계용역 입찰공모

이화첨단도서관(가칭)

WINNER

COMPLETION IN 2028

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Year : 2028

Use : Library (Academic Information Center)

Location : 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Gross Floor Area : 10,280m²

Height : 23.1m

Structure : SRC, RC

Material : AL Curtain Wall, Exposed Concrete, Ceramic Panel

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Helen Hall was built in 1957 as Ewha Womans University's first central library. It is a representative building symbolizing Ewha Womans University's history. It is currently used by the College of Nursing. Helen Hall is a place of active cultural exchange among the new women of the time and a place where numerous debates and discussions took place at key moments in the development of modern and contemporary women's rights. It is a building that shows modern architectural style well and has great architectural historical value. The façade, which shows precisely calculated proportions with simple intersecting concrete louvers, presents the depth of refined order and sophistication that transcends the times. Although Helen Hall is a symbolic building of Ewha Womans University, it is currently isolated due to the physical limitations of the aging building and its deviation from the axis of the ECC campus. The façade facing the road is dispersed from view due to the level difference, creating a naturally isolated spatial structure. Unlike the trend in modern architecture, where openness and autonomy of action must be guaranteed, this closed spatial structure serves as the main cause of weakening the goal of an open academic information center. We sought to present a new alternative as an open, cutting-edge academic information center by resolving the physical limitations of Helen Hall.

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Beyond the task of reconstructing a symbolic building of a university, the design process was based on the perspective of reinterpreting Helen Hall as a space with a strong identity within the flow of modern Korean architectural history. The starting point of this design was to reduce the physical gap based on strong communication with the surrounding context. To this end, we sought to preserve the façade of Helen Hall, which has high preservation value, and at the same time inherit the value of Helen Hall as a heritage of Ewha Womans University through reinterpretation. An innovative alternative was needed that went beyond the expected primary responses, such as preservation of the façade, use of the courtyard, and tower-type mass. We wanted to create a design that would exemplarily inherit tradition with creative vocabulary, such as reprocessing the rear part while preserving the skin, and contrasting physical properties.

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In order to establish an innovative design direction based on conservation, the design was carried out based on several specific principles. First, utilize the level difference of the land when opening the mass. Second, the past and present will be recombined through an autonomous interior space that contrasts with the refined façade. Third, the dignity of the Helen Hall as a symbol of Ewha Womans University will be shown through the preservation of the façade. Based on these principles, we tried to find proportions and volumes that would balance Ewha Womans University's main building and the central library. At the same time, in order to realize a façade with a purified identity that harmonizes with the surrounding landscape within the hierarchy of the campus, the original shape of the façade was preserved as much as possible according to the detailed facility construction plan, minimizing the sense of heterogeneity with the surrounding environment. The open atrium and laminated slabs embracing the campus landscape were intended to function as the main library's vestibule. We wanted to maintain the original context of Helen Hall but create an innovative interior space that fits the context of the times as a cutting-edge academic information center. Through this, we attempted to decentralize the functions of the saturated Central Library and fundamentally improve the irrationality of the existing circulation lines through vertical movement lines on both sides of the slab.

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As it is a building with a strong identity that symbolizes the history and future of Ewha Womans University, we wanted to reflect innovative design methodologies. In addition to maintaining the existing Helen Hall façade, the new Environmentally Adaptive Facade system allowed for active control of lighting and ventilation. We attempted to solve the dark and humid microclimate of the existing Helen Pavilion through an architectural device based on natural ventilation (cross ventilation). The façade and atrium, designed to the optimal shape through various eco-friendly design simulations such as insolation and indoor wind tunnel (CFD), will provide users with a healthy residential space. The reconstruction of Helen Hall began with the contemporary task of evolving the academic information center in a rapidly changing environment, such as the lack of individual creative space, acceptance of various learning styles, and creation of a new campus atmosphere. The current Central Library had realistic limitations such as space usability, capacity, and aging facilities to accommodate these issues. Helen Hall, which will complement this and be reborn as an organic space with a strong identity, will symbolize the future of Ewha Womans University, which has led the modern and contemporary era of Korea by producing numerous talented people and will also function as a unique academic information center within the high-density campus.

원당게이트볼 경기장 지명설계공모

WINNER

COMPLETION IN 2024

Year : 2024

Use : Gateball Stadium

Location : 850-2, Wondang-dong, Seo-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea

Gross Floor Area : 460.7m²

Height : 6.7m

Structure : SRC, RC

Material : AL Curtain Wall, Exposed Concrete, Metal Plate

In Seo-gu, Incheon, the elderly population is rapidly increasing. Due to the increase in single-person families and the dispersion of dependents, social issues regarding healthy leisure activities for the elderly are emerging. Accordingly, Seo-gu, Incheon is trying to encourage healthy social activities for the elderly by constructing a gateball court. The Wondang Gate Ball Stadium project is trying to lead the elderly isolated from society to a bright space through sustainable architectural design. The façade ventilation in-let system and ceiling respiration system proposed by us are the first architectural design methods attempted in Korea. Korea exhibits extreme climate fluctuation with a clear division of four seasons and an annual temperature difference of 60 Celsius degrees. In particular, as the climate is rapidly changing to a subtropical climate, temperature and humidity control are essential in sports facilities for seniors such as the gateball stadium. Wondang Gateball Stadium was designed to be a great help to the indoor activities of the elderly who are sensitive to temperature and humidity changes by allowing natural cross-ventilation rather than air conditioning facilities.

Completion : 2019

Use : Stadium

Location : London. United Kingdom

Pitch Dimension : 105 x 68m

Copyright : POPULOUS (UK)

https://populous.com/project/tottenham-hotspur-football-club

SSK was in charge of designing a movable tension roof system and cladding works on facade.

Stadia design has evolved rapidly in recent years, recognizing the significance of these public buildings and their ability to define and enhance urban areas.

The new stadium will create what we believe will be one of the finest stadiums anywhere in the world for spectators, visitors, and the wider community, delivering a major new landmark for Tottenham and London.

Visitors and local residents will be able to engage in these vibrant activities and they will bring added economic benefits to the area.

The NFL is, similarly to the Club, committed to providing projects that support the community. It will be running its NFL60 program - a campaign that encourages kids to be active 60 minutes a day - to reverse the increase in childhood obesity.

The NFL will also, for the duration of its contract, sponsor 3 places on the Foundation University Degree Course and will be supporting the community with tickets for locals.

Bringing the NFL to Tottenham will provide a direct economic impact on the tri-borough area (Haringey, Enfield, Waltham Forest) of £11.2m per year, while the economic impact on the London economy as a whole would be £37.8m per year.

With the anticipated number of additional spectators being more than 180,000 people per year, the estimated spending will be £21.4m from spectators.

With NFL being played in Tottenham, there will also be a significant exposure of the Tottenham area to a “new” audience – with over 80% of NFL International Series season ticket holders coming from outside London.

Completion : 2024

Location : Hamburg. Germany

Clients : Unibail-Rodamco

Copyright : HPP Architekten 

https://www.hpp.com

SSK was in charge of contributing BIM, and parametric works. And HPP has been commissioned with the master planning of the southern Überseequartier in Hamburg's HafenCity. The 11 buildings will provide a total of approx. 80,500 m² of retail, 55,000 m² of residential, around 65,000 m² of office, 40,000 m² of hotel, 8,000 m² of gastronomy and  around 12,000 m² of cultural and entertainment space. Initial construction works are due to start in 2017.

Venice Biennale Pavilion International Competition

WINNER

Year : 2012

Location : San Marco Square, Venice, Italy

Use : Multipurpose Pavilion

Height : 7 stories (13m)

Structure : Aluminium and Stainless Steel Frame Structure

What is the first image for Venice, Italy. Many people only imagine the floating city itself. Someone may be think of archaic buildings and canals run through the city. By the way, Venice is awesome. Architecturally it has many interesting story which is going on until now. Venice is that city where Johann Wolfgang von Goethe saw the sea for the first time in his life. Especially, he glorified the mystic atmosphere of Venice several times in his book 'Italian Journey'. He mentioned the fog at Venice as the medium which complete Venice itself. Have you ever felt the mood when sunset and rainy day? It will show everything of Venice to you. There are many thing which make the mood such as fog, calm sea, small boat, and poles which fixed boats. This project start with this motive. How to reflect such elements to the pavilion. It should gone with the fog.

Slabs on floating chambers were designed to increase solar access. The main concept was how to regulate optimal solar access depending on the use of each slab. For instance, in case of exhibition, the space is needed to be shaded, and in case of show case or performace, it is needed to be opened. Thus, spaces which need more shading areas were positioned at below level. However, although slabs were divided according to the use, they were completely linked each other by stairs and bridges. At the end, this strong connection increases the flexibility of space. 

Slabs are combined together with poles which make people to imagine the poles at the harbour of Venice. The circulation starts on the ground level at the St. Martin square. Visitors walk through the bridge which links St. Martin square with pavilion, then they starts their journey from the first level of the pavilion. They can access every direction by using staircases. Further, the Pavilion functions as a observatory deck: visors can see the scenery of Venice harbour including St. Martin square in every direction without any disturbance. There are five floating chambers which make it possible to float constantly in any climatic conditions in the sea. Each slabs balance well not to make it to loss their direction. These chambers supply stable environment to visitors in day and night. Further, the pavilion is easy to construct and destruct with simple construction process. Every part of the pavilion made by Aluminium frame which makes it possible to loss total weight.

국립정동극장 재건축 설계공모

2nd PRIZE

Year : 2021

Use : Theater

Location : 43, Jeongdong-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Gross Floor Area : 6,787m²

Height : 3 stories (14m)

Structure : SRC, RC, PC

Material : AL Curtain Wall, Ceramic Panel, Exposed Concrete

The discussion about the reconstruction of the Jeongdong Theatre started with the desperate task of maintaining the theater in a rapidly changing environment, such as the lack of Korean traditional opera theaters, the need to accommodate various types of performances, and to meet the demand for audiences that will explode after Covid-19. The problem is that to accommodate these realistic issues, the existing Jeongdong Theater had many physically incomplete parts, such as the implementation of a variety of performances, the number of seats, and the aging of the stage equipment. At the level of renovation or reconstruction, it was difficult to guarantee the function of Jeongdong Theater as a production theater. Hundreds of reasons can be given for the preservation of the existing Jeongdong Theater in terms of architectural value and cultural symbolism. However, I was more sympathetic to the real motive that the thirst of a field of performing arts in Korea for a real stage should take precedence over the reasons for maintaining it, and I decided to participate.

First of all, the sublation point was more important than the orientation point. The part I avoided the most was the notion that the urban context or materiality should be blindly preserved because. For instance, the notion that concrete and curtain walls are a symbol of modernity, so they will not be suitable for Jeongdong, and the notion that all old structures are worth preserving. Therefore, preservation of the red brick façade of the existing Jeongdong Theater and the succession of the courtyard were expected responses.

In the meantime, I have experienced countless cases where the tradition was inherited by way of creative design languages, such as reprocessing the rear part of a building with only preserving the skin or contrasting materiality. Those ideas were shown in works: Peter Zumthor's Kolumba Museum, Ando Tadado's Bourse de Commerce, Foster+Partners' Museo Nacional del Prado, and HPP Architekten's Leipzig Congress Center. What they have in common is that the object itself had a superior value, and the selective respect and intentional disregard of the architect who designed it. On the other hand, it was difficult to find the justification for its irreplaceable preservation in the 26-year-old Jeongdong Theater (1995), not even the lost Wongaksa Theater (1908). Moreover, the existing Jeongdong Theater's yard, which was formed from the methodology of separating the space from the outside with a barrier, was distant from the methodology of modern public architecture that emphasizes openness and transparency. Selective preservation was much more important than emotional succession that had to be preserved because it was just old or because the memories of citizens were accumulated.

On the basement of such notions, specifically, I tried not to deviate from the three tasks below. First, a new methodology for opening ground level in the high-density old city center will be presented. Second, present a prototype of the compressed Proscenium theater on a narrow site. Fourth, show Dignity as a national theater. As a result, although theater design was competitive, there seemed to be some disagreement during the evaluation in the methodology of opening ground level, respect of the context, and materiality.

신안공공도서관 신축공사 건축설계공모

4th PRIZE

Year : 2023

Use : Public Library

Location : 1333, Haejejido-ro, Jido-eup, Sinan-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea

Gross Floor Area : 1,312.20m²

Height : 12.3m

Structure : SRC, RC

Material : AL Curtain Wall, Exposed Concrete, Ceramic Panel

The business site is located in a place with beautiful scenery facing the west coast sea. The administrative designation is Jido-eup, and educational institutions that will be the main demand for public libraries, such as Jiji High School and Jido Elementary School, are distributed within a radius of 500m. In addition, there is a need for a library that can function as a landmark that can absorb the demand of ordinary residents and tourists visiting the city. Therefore, as a cultural base facility, an attractive building that can attract visitors is required. Jido-eup is a small administrative district where most of the administrative infrastructure, commercial facilities, and residential areas are concentrated within a radius of 600m from the project site. As most areas can be moved within 7 to 10 minutes on foot, the symbolism of the Shinan Public Library as a base facility can be said to be greater than any other area. Although the physical area of the administrative district is large, only one library, the small library, is currently functioning as a public library in Jido-eup. The Shinan Public Library will function as a public facility that reflects the wishes of the local residents. The transition space between the business site and the sea was intended to function as a viewing space. By converting the gently sloping buffer green space into an outdoor resting and viewing space, sufficient free space is secured so that the beautiful scenery can be enjoyed from the outside as well as from the inside of the library. It was intended to protect the identity of the library and enable independent activities at the same time through sufficient separation and shielding from Bandabi Gymnasium and multicultural facilities facing the north. The business site is an area adjacent to the Bandabi Sports Center and the multicultural platform, and is expected to become the only cultural cluster in Jido-eup in the future. Currently, the Bandabi Sports Center and the multicultural platform are in the design process, and the Sinan Public Library needs active spatial connection with the relevant facilities. At the same time, as a library that needs a quiet reading space, it needs appropriate shielding and space separation. Shinan Public Library will attract visitors as a library with beautiful scenery as well as a cultural hub for local residents through a pleasant reading space and connection with other cultural facilities.

The main axis following the site alignment of the project site is deviated by about 8.23° from the optimal view for viewing the West Sea. It was intended to maximize the advantages of the site by matching the main axis of the building arrangement with the optimal view for viewing the sea. Through intentional crossing, zoning independence from other facilities in the site and separation of traffic lines were made naturally. After the completion of the Shinan Public Library, the only cultural cluster in Jido-eup will be formed along with the Bandabi Sports Center and the Four Seasons Cultural Platform. Accordingly, it is necessary to harmonize and properly separate conflicting facilities. A shared yard was placed to make it a transition space and a shared space between facilities for three different purposes. Also, according to the design guidelines, all facilities on the second floor are connected with a bridge (additional project planned) to strengthen interconnectivity. According to the guideline, the total floor area is 1,312.20㎡, and there is room for building-to-land ratio compared to the site area of 3,011.66㎡. Relatively, the idle space in the site is sufficient, but since the project site has beautiful scenery in all directions as well as the view towards the sea, it was intended to avoid being used for a biased purpose through a mass arrangement biased to one side. By arranging the mass in the center of the project site and as far away from the building limit as possible, it was intended that various external activities could be carried out radially with the Shinan Library at the center. The project site is surrounded by beautiful scenery and Seohaerang-gil 29 course (walking tour course), so it has a natural location as a tourist resource. In the mass arrangement, it was intended to realize a pleasant and quiet residential environment suitable for the purpose of the library through healthy shielding by leaving a sufficient distance from the surrounding facilities. By placing a height difference between the GL and the deck level, it was possible to experience various views at different levels. Through the central arrangement, a 360° unobstructed panoramic view was possible from any position. One of the main concepts in the mass layout was not to block the beautiful scenery with the building mass. In order to secure a wide (15m) awning through the mass in GL, transparent curtain walls were placed on the eastern and western facades of the lower floors. In the process of entering the new building through the observation park using the slope formed according to the level difference, the dramatic borrowed scenery was intended to come into view. According to the requirements of the guideline, the main entrance was located on the north side considering the connection with the surrounding facilities. In addition, it was designed to function as a transition space by providing a road exclusively for firefighting/unloading (combined for pedestrian use). As for parking for the disabled, one car was placed on the side of the main entrance for pedestrians in accordance with the requirements of the guidelines to comply with BF and universal design principles, and separate auxiliary entrances were placed on the east and west sides to ensure the movement of disabled people in any direction. made it possible Although there is an inclination due to the level difference, it complies with 1/12 (4.8°) according to the BF law so that there is no inconvenience in independent movement by one person using a wheelchair.

An external promenade was placed at a distance of 2.5m from the surrounding facilities. The outdoor walkway was intended to serve as a major sequence in entering the library, a static space, by serving as a natural transition space from the surrounding facilities. The mounded green slope is intended as an active response to the surrounding environment and as a spatial device for healthy distancing. By mounding the sloping green area, it was possible to view the scenery from various levels and at the same time become a free resting place. It was intended to be a place where you can naturally sit and take a break while looking at the scenery while walking along the promenade anywhere in the business site. We put a lot of thought into the openness of the lower floors so that the view towards the sea is not hindered by the mass of the building. The central part of the mounded small hill was removed to secure an intuitive borrowed view toward the sea, and at the same time, it was intended to increase accessibility by allowing it to function as an entry and exit line. The mezzanine layer between the 1st and 2nd floors is the biggest feature of this design. The observation deck is a middle floor located at 1MF, and is a space intended to maximize the borrowed scenery transmitted through the formative gap of the mass emphasized in the lower floors. At the same time, it is connected to the indoor stair reading space, enabling active connection between the indoor and outdoor spaces. Through a bridge scheduled as an additional project in the future, it will be spatially and organically connected to Bandabi Gymnasium and the multicultural platform. The outer corridor that surrounds the library and book cafe on the second floor is a kind of spatial layer that protects the static space of the library. Designed with a width of 2.5m, it functions not only as a transition space, but also as a promenade where you can come out of the reading space and view the sea. It is the most important spatial device that blocks surrounding noise and visual elements that hinder reading and contributes to creating a static reading environment. The rooftop observation deck, which is directly connected to the reading space on the second floor, is a device for attracting dramatic scenery. You can only see the blue sky from the 2.5m-wide straight staircase surrounded by 4m-high walls. When you reach the rooftop after climbing the stairs, the open view allows you to feel the wind and sunlight that you could not feel in the quiet reading space. The sea of Shinan Jido-eup, which spreads freely in all directions, will be the biggest spatial attraction of the Shinan Library.

서울과학기술대학교 도서관 및 학생회관 증축 설계공모

2nd PRIZE

Year : 2021

Use : Library, Students Hall

Location : 232, Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Gross Floor Area : 15,000m²

Height : 6 stories (27.2m)

Structure : SRC, RC, PC

Material : AL Curtain Wall, Terracotta Panel, Ceramic Panel, Exposed Concrete

The most important factor in the extension of an existing building is respect for the surrounding context and the search for new possibilities through architectural devices. It was an interesting architectural challenge to fit a new library between the two masses of the existing main library and the annex library, and it was a difficult project with high risk of sincere reflection of the context. An important factor in forming a library cluster is openness on the first floor. Rather than simple and blind emphasis on openness and openness for the sake of openness, borrowed openness considering the existing and future contexts is the main focus. The most important context that influenced the architectural concept in this project was the green axis of the campus that connects the library, fish room, and forest university. A major issue has been how architecture can carve out a huge landscape spectrum. Based on these considerations, this design plan focused on how to make the open view from the lower floors to the crucian carp room, the symbol of Seoul National University of Science and Technology, contained between the masses of the architecture. Linear elements that can be built into architecture were extracted from the current logo borrowed from the linear shape of the Dasan Hall building, and based on this, a mass shape that allows individualized views from each floor was taken. We tried to design a clever library that can actively respond to the surrounding environment where zoning is organized through the logic of grouping by program to derive the optimal circulation and putting it into a double skin.

In terms of ventilation and circulation, the Aaptive Skin borrowed from this design maximizes the advantages of natural ventilation (Cross Ventilation). The supply and exhaust in-lets installed on the upper and lower parts of the facade are designed to immediately discharge polluted air to the outside. The high ceiling of the atrium space is advantageous for internal air circulation. The fresh air coming in through the ventilation inlet of the high side window is exchanged with the polluted air inside, leading to discharge naturally and providing fresh air to the users. In addition, a double-glazed façade with a high floor height was installed on the façade to maintain the indoor illumination and to secure a visual view from north to south. In the summer, the strong solar radiation is filtered through the double skin to lower the indoor temperature, and in the winter, the amount of sunlight with a long angle of incidence is stored indoors as much as possible to reduce the heating load and save energy.

충주 예술의 전당 설계공모

2nd PRIZE

Year : 2021

Use : Theater, Art Centre

Location : 85, Daerim-ro, Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea

Gross Floor Area : 7,631m²

Height : 3 stories (30.2m)

Structure : SRC, RC, PC

Material : PC Curtain Wall, Ceramic Panel, Exposed Concrete

How should loyalty be symbolized? It started with concerns about locality. Hoamji, Tangeumdae, Jungangtap, and City of Loyalty were symbols that were advantageous for creating architectural forms, but they were not likely to serve as philosophical motifs for the Seoul Arts Center. As a result of several site visits and contemplation, Chungjuseong, which we paid attention to, was a serenity itself that did not change despite the change of time and weather. The Hoam area was a particularly beautiful place with the snow-covered white rice fields and the soft twilight.

For a long time, I have been thinking a lot about the abstract concept of architecture. Even when I won the design competition for the pavilion at the Venice Biennale, I clung to Goethe's words, 'I saw the sea for the first time in Venice' for days and days. It took a very long time and effort to find the motif of 'fog' in this one sentence. This design plan for the Chungju Arts Center is all the more regretful because there were many internal conflicts like this.

I wanted to capture the ever-changing scenery of Hoam on the skin. Specifically, we wanted the theater's skin to function like a natural media façade. Architecture that captures the small amount of time through changes in the epidermis that is discolored and worn out. Classical vertical concrete and glass curtain walls were used as the main materials to make it a sturdy theater that does not lose its dignity while being simple. Like the concrete skin of the National Theater and the National Theater in England, which contain the traces of time, the architecture was intended to maintain its classic character as a theater over the years.

As a result, the mass of the cross-shaped Proscenium Theater, which consists of four stages, became a shape that was exposed to the outside. It was judged that the scenery in reality felt in the glass atrium where the stars were pouring during the intermission would add another inspiration to the performance.

At this point, I searched the theater technical information DB and found that there are not many theaters in Korea that are properly equipped with a rear stage. It is probably because the local government prefers multi-purpose theaters rather than theaters dedicated to musicals where the depth of the stage is important. For similar reasons, there are more proscenium theaters than amphitheaters that favor classical music. Because musical consumption is higher.

This work was a great opportunity to study the classic theater without any problems. The optimal reverberation time according to the depth of the stage, the position of the dress circle according to the sound diffraction, etc. I was able to study and simulate numerous theories of performing arts in 3D.

경부선 구로역 신축공사 설계공모

2nd PRIZE

Year : 2020

Use : Station

Location : 174, Gurojungang-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Gross Floor Area : 5,850m²

Height : 4 stories (15m)

Structure : SRC, RC

Material : Exposed concrete, Ceramic tile, Low-E glass

Guro Station. The Gyeongbu Line and the Gyeongin Line diverge, and an average of 50,000 people use it steadily every day. Platforms 1 to 9 are the largest among subway stations in Korea. Due to the size of the station and the importance of handling handling, it is operated directly by the Korea Railroad Corporation. Due to this size and large-scale transportation, Guro Station contains numerous episodes. How will Guro Station remain in the citizens' minds? In the early morning, this place is crowded with citizens on their way to work and school. In the afternoon, it is crowded with office workers returning from work and employees of a nearby tool store. And after the last train is cut off, taxi drivers are waiting in line to pick up passengers who missed the train. There is no one who has not blown on cold hands on the platform of Guro Station in the cold winter. To that extent, Guro Station is a medium that evokes memories among Seoulites regardless of age or gender.

In the existing Guro Station, station office and management facilities were scattered with Jung-gu heating, so efficient station management was not achieved. Congestion also occurred in various places within the station due to the irrational circulation of users. The biggest problem is the lack of concourse. The function of the concourse, which has to send and receive a large amount of floating population temporarily and quickly, is virtually absent, and accordingly, congestion of floating population was inevitable in the existing linear connecting passages. As a result, even though it is one of the stations with the largest number of facility users, it was a space that was reluctant to users due to discomfort and discomfort. Accordingly, a square-shaped concourse was inserted to efficiently respond to traffic lines in three directions at once.

Currently, Guro Station is in decline. As transfers with bus lines are inconvenient and demand is concentrated on Sindorim Station, the number of weekday users is gradually decreasing. In 2016, the daily average of 45,000 people even collapsed. Due to the nature of the station without a concourse, it is also a notorious history due to the inability to handle a large number of transfers at once. What kind of vitality will Guro Station, whose users are decreasing due to the inconvenience of transfers and its outdated history, give to the region? At the same time, how will the ‘new’ Guro Station contain the memories of citizens? This history of Guro started from this motive. As a ‘vessel that holds the hopes of the citizens’, Guro Station has a design motif in one giant soban. The existing long connecting passage is extended to the north to form a concourse, and the light-filled concourse will return sunlight and sky to citizens in their busy daily lives. A bright history that gives hope. An open and functional history. This is the starting point and design intent of this design.

Guro Station is located at the nodule of air circulation through which wind roads pass through downtown areas. It has the advantage of maximizing the advantages of natural ventilation (Cross Ventilation) in ventilation and air flow circulation, one of the essential functions of the station. Accordingly, by installing a supply and exhaust system for natural ventilation on the top of the facade, it was designed to immediately discharge polluted air from the room to the outside. The high-height interior is very advantageous in terms of internal air circulation. The fresh air coming in through the ventilation inlet of the high side window is exchanged with the polluted air inside, leading to discharge naturally and providing fresh air to the users. A double-glazed façade with high floor height was installed on the façade to maintain the indoor illumination as well as to secure a visual view from north to south. Vista can be provided through the visual opening that penetrates the building while walking on the street.

양구역사 신축 설계공모

SHORTLIST

Year : 2020

Use : Station

Location : 227, Ha-ri, Yanggu-eup, Yanggu-gun, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea

Gross Floor Area : 5,850m²

Height : 1 stories (6m)

Structure : SRC, PC

Material : AL Curtain Wall, Ceramic Panel, Exposed Concrete

In early winter. Lake Paro submerged in a light purple sunset. Looking at the wonderful scenery, I was briefly skeptical about the existence of Yanggu District. The motivation was the desire to architecturalize the isolated beauty of Yanggu and the warm texture of the sunset. The design motive we pursue is the same for every project: simple simplicity. A place that welcomes strangers who come to a foreign place surrounded by the sunset light. It was a series of worries about how to revive this grandiose motif. A texture full of local color that permeates the epidermis. As a result of contemplation, it had to be a simple one-story mass rather than decorated with fancy shapes and materials.

Recently, it was put on the short list in the design competition for Yanggu Station organized by the National Railroad Authority, but it did not win. Still, there were results. In fact, the design competition for infrastructure facilities such as railroads, ports, and power plants is a place where vested interests in design and regional interests are too strong. Some people advise us to hit the rock with an egg, but the reason why we continue to knock on the door of the railway station design market is to throw a topic on the true public return of public assets besides the purpose of winning.

Public property of public assets is a matter of course. The problem is that among the domestic grand constructions that cost more than 10 billion won, especially the local railway stations, the impression given by the space compared to the construction cost does not live up to expectations. Why are there no railway stations in Korea that have an in-depth philosophy on public space reduction, such as Rotterdam Central Railway Station and Canary Wharf Station? Our challenge began with the question. With such a small achievement, we were placed second in Guro Station and on the Short List of Yanggu Station this time, but rather than regret about the procedural contradiction of the design competition, our internal concerns and reflection on the architectural incompleteness only deepen.

Blueprints for future railways in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, that I made while working at Foster. Now, I wonder how those friends are progressing, but the lesson I learned from the best results my colleagues showed at the time was more than design soft power. Thorough background storytelling, well-thought-out design, and (most importantly) the client's full support showed the result of the architectural dogma, which was very attractive. I go back to the time when I had fun even through the night and challenge myself every time, but I don't think I've reached that charming conclusion. Whenever the opportunity arises, I would like to share my thoughts on the topic we are throwing with people who have a sense of tension and deep knowledge.

가흥신도시 주차타워 조성사업 설계공모

SHORTLIST

Year : 2020

Use : Library

Location : 1654 Gaheung-dong, Yeongju, Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea

Gross Floor Area : 4,935m²

Height : 4 stories (15.8m)

Structure : SRC

Material : Exposed concrete, Stone tile, Low-E glass

Parking towers are one of the essential infrastructures in dense modern cities. The spatial philosophy of the parking tower was formed through the accumulation of experiences of urban residents who experienced the social necessity and importance of parking facilities and developed them by spatializing and classifying them. In other words, the parking tower has continued its role as a public vessel supporting the city life of citizens. Jiaxing New Town Parking Tower was conceived along with the historical development and philosophical trajectory of public parking lots. Jiaxing New Town Parking Tower was planned as a representative public parking lot in Yeongju City. Compared to other areas in Yeongju, Gaheung-dong lacks public goods and lacks parking infrastructure. Accordingly, the design process began with the universal motives of ‘a slightly more open parking space’ and ‘a parking space where anyone can come in and out like a local cafe’. Although it is a simple parking tower, it was intended to provide a pleasant and convenient parking space to the public by planning a cultural center and resident library that utilizes free space connection and walls so that a comfortable and sufficient space experience can be achieved. Various spatial advantages, such as high-floor parking spaces and efficient circulation, were intended to be incorporated throughout the parking tower in Jiaxing New Town. As a public parking lot, we hope that it will become a true landmark of Gaheung-dong for citizens to visit from other areas.

The concept of the parking tower in Jiaxing New Town started with a neat ‘soban’. The entire building is intended to look like a single soban. It is intended to function like a large soban that contains the means of transportation of citizens, like a soban that contains neatly arranged dishes. Communication with the surrounding buildings was also important. Due to the nature of the site located in the corner, when this parking tower enters, it may physically hinder communication, so a three-dimensional space was imagined that is as open as possible and the entire building can be connected to a single traffic line. Accordingly, the front part of the building, which will be seen as an overlapping plate-shaped soban, accepts the intensity of light and at the same time accepts the level of illumination and is open to the front rather than shielding it solidly for visual openness. Tiles and concrete panels were applied as basic materials. As the function of the complex cultural space is also a parking tower, the building itself can be a cultural center and library by providing a three-dimensional space to citizens. In particular, from a structural point of view, the front and left and right sides of the cantilever section borrowed an arch design to reduce load and secure bearing capacity. In addition, a void-type courtyard penetrating the entire floor from the second floor was intended to provide a visual green space to pedestrians as well as users.

대방동 지하벙커 청소년 창의혁신 체험공간 조성 지명설계공모

2nd PRIZE

Year : 2019

Location : 350-2 Daebang-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Korea

Use : Multipurpose Sports Court

Gross Floor Area : 1,383m²

Height : 3 stories (11.4m)

Structure : RC, SRC

Material : Exposed concrete, Stone tile

Cost : 3,570,000,000 KRW

The route from the fountain plaza to the bunker and from the Daebang-dong Community Center to the bunker / How to interpret the entry plaza (triangular shape) created between the direction of the bunker and the direction of traffic? / How to open the space at the point where the circulation is bent?

Within the limited construction cost of 3.5 billion, the main guest should not be overturned / The main character should be a bunker, not an entry plaza / At the same time, a city for youth and residents should be proposed, but the park facility rate and loss of green space should be considered at the same time / Therefore, the entry plaza should be maximized It was intended to be emptied, and a village cafe was proposed in the existing parking lot area / a roof garden was placed to maintain the green area ratio.

Regarding the bunker preservation methodology, the design direction is defined in terms of extension rather than demolition / Accordingly, part of the existing buried frame is actively extended toward the entrance plaza to expand awareness of the existence of the buried bunker / Roof garden Concerns about 'how it would be perceived if the entrance to the bunker is viewed from a higher level than the normal eye level' / Wouldn't this also be a new spatial experience?

I initially conceived of integrating the two entrances into one, but since the two entrances are also the identity of the bunker, I wanted to give them a feeling of being spatially unified / Suggested a platform in the form of a soban that connects the separate entrances into one (to be explained later. ) / Once on the entry platform, it is induced to choose in two ways to differentiate its nature from the entry plaza / Stage and face of the bunker front platform, not a normal retaining wall

A military bunker is a facility that covers something from threats / The arched interior space itself is a unique experience / 'Youth creative innovation experience space' should be a space that contains youth / The shape of a round bunker looks like a bowl that holds something when turned upside down / The concept develops from the singularity of this shape / The 'space containing the youth' was built in the form of a 'plate containing the youth' / The four corners of the existing slab were folded up to reflect the concept of 'a plate' in shape / At the same time, it also functions advantageously in terms of air circulation.

At the time of the site visit, the relatively well-preserved frame and surface quality (surface quality) are impressive / The texture and atmosphere of the concrete barrier are maintained as much as possible by exposing not only the upper arch frame but also the half-length between the lower slab and the beam / The handling of the folding slab In the case of bending slabs, which are directly related to preservation/construction costs, the beams and columns that support their own weight, whether to go to a steel frame or reinforced concrete structure will be developed later after reviewing the economic feasibility with the relevant department.

According to the guideline, two slabs are limited in terms of area / One slab was newly established to propose an interactive vertical circulation / Intended to allow users to get closer to the bunker / I wanted to touch and feel the surface of the bunker ceiling up close / After demolition, the space that needs to be checked will be used as a small theater in the future.

KR기록관 설계공모

SHORTLIST

Year : 2021

Use : Archives

Location : 1-281, Jeong-dong, Dong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea

Gross Floor Area : 8,160m²

Height : 23.7m

Structure : RC, SRC

Material : Exposed Concrete, AL Curtainwall, Ceramic Panel

Korea's railway history began with the opening of the Gyeongin Line on September 18, 1899, based on the 「12-year Joseon Railway Plan」 to establish Japan's colonial rule. Following this, the Gyeongbu Line was opened in 1905, and the Gyeongui Line was opened in 1906 as a military sub-railway as a means of supplying war supplies for the Russo-Japanese War. Honam Line was opened in 1914, Chungbuk Line in 1929, Jeolla Line in 1936, and Gyeongchun Line full of dreams and romance in 1939, which have been opened to this day. In the 1960s and 1970s, along with the 5-year economic development plan, the role of industrial ships such as the Uam Line, Ulsan Line, Gimpo Line, Yeongdong Line, Taebaek Line, and Chungbuk Line was highlighted. Afterwards, as steam locomotives were replaced by diesel locomotives in 1967, the electrification project was carried out and it became a useful means of transportation for modern city dwellers. 1925 Completion of Seoul Station, 1963 Independence of Korea Railroad from Ministry of Transportation, 1974 Start of Gyeongbu Line Saemaeul service, 1988 Opening of Railway Museum, 1995 Enactment of Special Act on State-Owned Railway Operation, 1996 Establishment of Korea Railroad Research Institute, 1997 Internet website of Korea Railroad The opening of Korea's first high-speed railway KTX in 2004 are important turning points in railway history. After the liberation, the railroad was the only means of transportation that carried the memories, memories and news of the city people. Therefore, it occupies a large number of places in the memories of citizens compared to other means of transportation such as buses and airplanes. As such, it can be said to be the most representative symbol of modern times that contains the traces of everyday life.

The history of railroads began with the opening of the Gyeongin Line in 1899. This year, it has been with citizens for a long time of 122 years. Railways have become a part of our lives. Beyond a simple means of transportation, it has become a part of memories that convey stories and affection. Railroad has become the fastest, safest and most convenient means of transportation. Now is the time to preserve the history of these railroads and talk about the value of the future. It is time to fully preserve, reprocess, and reprocess the traces of memories and records carried by the railroad for 122 years and hand them down to future generations as new cultural heritage. In this respect, the identity of the KR archives is clear. Beyond the fragmentary functions of Archive, Museum, and Library, the present moments should be captured one after another as an integrated space called Larchiveum. Based on the identity of the KR archives, this proposal was designed to serve as a place to honor the history of railroads that have recorded the landscape of life. In that sense, the design focus was placed on how to empty the space to contain the leisure of daily life rather than filling it in. In order to spatialize this, the building area on the lower floors was boldly reduced, and only public facilities focused on exhibition halls were placed on the first floor to solve the blind spots of the narrow and long business site. By lowering the density on the first floor to enable free walking activities, the concept of the KR Archives, which aims to capture the scenery of life, was reflected, and the intuitive design was intended so that the archives could function functionally with clear zoning separation on the upper floors. The KR Archives will be the cradle of recording the future history of railroads that will change the landscape of daily life with a new leap forward. At the same time, it will create a new locality as a healthy architectural space.

The identity of the KR archives is clear. A place that records the history of railroads that have recorded the scenery of life. Functionally, it is a Larchiveum that integrates the functions of Archive, Museum, and Library. The project site is a narrow land in the long direction, and if the density of the lower floors increases, the publicity and comfort of the architecture cannot be guaranteed. As a low-rise residential area with high density, providing a healthy living environment through the KR Archives was also an important task. It was clear that there were inherent limitations to the relatively large automated library, exhibition room, and large conference room in the muju space. Accordingly, the focus was placed on how to empty rather than filling.

Year : 2022

Use : Observatory

Location : 32-1, Ssangbuk-ri, Buyeo-eup, Buyeo-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea

Gross Floor Area : 500m²

Height : 20.2m

Structure : RC, SRC

Material : Exposed Concrete, AL Curtainwall, Ceramic Panel

The Baekje gilt-bronze incense burner has spatialized characteristics beyond a single sculpture. The upper and lower parts that become concave around the center are surrounded by overlapping peaks in the shape of three mountains. Various animals and five musicians are placed between the peaks, reminiscent of viewing the surrounding scenery from a mountain peak. In other words, the Baekje gilt-bronze incense burner itself had a great concept as an observatory architecturally. More specifically, the design concept was developed to view the scenery through the borrowed scenery formed between the mountain peaks with a ramp inside by building the grand incense burner. The mountain peaks on the surface of the Baekje gilt-bronze incense burner, which means amidst the mountains and three thousand, became an attractive design motive as an architectural device that was car-curated by forming overlapping layers. The visual compression and release of borrowed scenery through these overlapping layers was reflected in the design as a modern architectural element called the slit in the outer skin. While copying the stable shape of the Baekje gilt-bronze incense burner, it was intended to adapt to the topography of the site. Moving along the ramp formed along the round shape of the site, visitors naturally experience a borrowed view (Vista). The narrow slit designed on the outer skin of the mass, which mimics the shape of a Baekje gilt-bronze counter burner, widens or narrows depending on the slope, changing the degree of opening. On the lower floors, a kind of visual compression is intended, limiting the view through the narrow slits. As you go to the upper floors, the openness of the slits gradually increases, and the view from the top observatory and rooftop is completely open. It is a kind of visual opening. Compressed visual curiosity explodes as rain from the upper floors, allowing you to experience a kind of spatial catharsis. The change of borrowed scenery intended for compressed visual catharsis is in line with the spatial characteristics of the Baekje gilt-bronze incense burner, which shows the layers of overlapping mountain peaks. This design concept was symbolized by the overlapping of masses embodying the image of four concave incense burners, and a modern reinterpretation of the Baekje gilt-bronze incense burner was attempted by placing moderate slits between the ramps.

서울시 지천르네상스 홍제천 홍지문 일대 도시재생

Year : 2021

Use : Public Square

Location : 99-7, Hongji-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Gross Floor Area : 5,266m²

Height : 14.3m

Structure : RC(New Bridge)

Material : Exposed Concrete, Ceramic Stone

It is also called 'Hongjewoncheon' because there was Hongjewon where Chinese envoys or officials stayed on the shore of this river during the Joseon Dynasty. lost. It is a place with a sad history that during the Byeongjahoran, women who were brought back from the Qing Dynasty were forced to wash their bodies in Hongjecheon where the clear water flows to shed their skin. To that extent, Hongjecheon is a stream that flows clearly in the history of our country and right next to the people. Segeomjeong was a scenic and secluded valley and a restricted area for development, so it was a mountain valley with many shamans. Today's Segeomjeong does not have the scenery of the old scenic valley.

The Hongjimun area is an excellent tourist attraction with a view of Hongjecheon Stream and Tangchundaeseong Fortress. Unlike the Segeomjeong area, it has a relatively wide width, and the surrounding area is a green area, so it is an area where natural elements are well preserved. It has the potential to become a symbol of Hongjecheon, but is relatively unknown due to lack of accessibility. Only one is accessible by foot, while the other two are accessible by car.

The fundamental problem that hinders the strengthening of accessibility is the difference in level. The route approaching from the existing road also has no choice but to form a physically long traffic line due to the level difference of more than 3m. Accordingly, it is necessary to bear the inconvenience of having to continuously walk down the slope when walking. Disabled access is also not possible. There is also one route that can access the space area of Hongjimun, and access from other points is impossible due to the level difference.

The area around the project site has the advantage of being well-preserved in its natural state as a green area, but it is relatively unmaintained and is currently becoming a slum due to illegal buildings and homeless people. In addition, the river area is also an area that needs watershed maintenance, and the effect of improving the urban landscape of the Hongjimun area is expected just by reorganizing this area.

The whole area of the project site has a rare panoramic view in downtown Seoul due to the preservation of cultural assets and restrictions on floor height due to the natural green area. In particular, if the spatial improvement of the Hongjimun area leads to the improvement of the surrounding residential area, it is a place with greater cultural potential than any other area. It seems necessary to actively publicize Hongjimun and induce tourists and residents to visit through space proposals utilizing various views toward green areas, residential areas, rivers, and downtown areas.

Year : 2020

Use : Library

Location : Simgung-ro 13 Gwangtan-myeon, Paju-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea

Gross Floor Area : 1,890m²

Height : 3 stories (13.6m)

Structure : SRC

Material : AL curtail wall, Exposed concrete, Stone tile, Low-E glass

Libraries have been a stepping stone for the development of civilization for a long time. The philosophy of libraries is formed through the accumulation of experiences of library pioneers who experienced the social necessity and importance of libraries and developed them by spatializing and categorizing them. Therefore, the philosophy of the library can be said to be a practical philosophy of experience that has been formed from experience rather than a metaphysical or conceptual philosophy. In other words, the library has continued its role as a public container containing the knowledge, wisdom and experience that have led the times. Modern libraries have their origins in Western libraries. In particular, in the case of medieval monastic libraries, they served as a bridge between the library centered on the ancient royal family and the university library at the rear of the Middle Ages. Since then, as universities, which are educational institutions, have been established, the role and scale of libraries have changed. Opportunities for information and education, which had been limited to classes such as royalty and clergy, began to expand. Through this, the library has become a place of great function for the dissemination of information. Not all early libraries were 'open libraries' for the 'public'. After the French Revolution, public libraries were created as a result of human rights expansion. As the origin, the Mitterrand Library, as the national library of France, served as a stepping stone in the design of future libraries regarding the social role of public libraries and the functional and aesthetic aspects of space.

Gwangtan Library was conceived along with the historical development and philosophical trajectory of these public libraries. Gwangtan Library was planned as a representative public library in Paju, the publishing city. In the case of Gwangtan-myeon, compared to other areas in Paju, public goods are particularly lacking, and public infrastructure is insufficient. Accordingly, the design process began with the universal motives of ‘a slightly more open library’ and ‘a library where anyone can come and go like a local cafe’. The representative library where you can enjoy such comfortable yet sufficient intellectual play is the National art Library at The Victoria and Albert Museum in London. A pleasant and convenient intellectual space is provided to the public by freely linking the space between the lower level and the balcony level and securing a duplex space through the arrangement of bookshelves utilizing the walls. Gwangtan Library was conceived with the motif of great social and public assets such as the National art Library at The Victoria and Albert Museum. Various spatial advantages that can be borrowed from modern architecture, such as a high floor height of a duplex type, a bookshelf composition using walls, a personal reading space using balcony space, and efficient circulation, were intended to be incorporated throughout the Gwangtan Library. As a specialized library, it is expected to become a true landmark of Gwangtan-myeon as a public area for citizens to visit from other areas.

The concept of Gwangtan Library started with neatly arranged bookshelves. The entire building is intended to look like a single bookshelf. Moving away from the functional meaning of holding simple books, the library was designed to become a space where all parts of the library could become bookshelves. Communication with surrounding buildings such as the gymnasium at the rear and the annex building of Shinsan Elementary School was also important. In particular, due to the nature of the site located in the corner, when the library enters, communication may be physically hindered, so a three-dimensional space was imagined that is as open as possible and the entire building can be connected to a single circulation. Accordingly, the front of the building, which will look like a bookshelf, is made of a front glass curtain wall for visual openness as well as accepting illumination. applied. As the library aims to be a complex cultural space, the building itself can become a bookshelf by providing citizens with a three-dimensional space. In particular, from a structural point of view, traditional concrete pillars were applied to the basement and first floors, but from the second floor, the outer skin was designed to become a structure, and it was intended to be a column-free space by default. Through this, we tried to maximize the potential of the wall-type bookshelf using the high ceiling height and the advantages of the high ceiling and the multi-story space.

Completion : 2020

Use : Urban Structure

Location : Seoul. South Korea

Gross Floor Area : 1,873m²

Height : 3 stories

Structure : AL curtail wall, Brick wall, Stone tile, Low-E glass

Client : SH 서울주택도시공사

Yeji-dong ‘Watch Alley’ is a place where various and vast stories have been told about watches, from toy watches to luxury watches, from manufacturer to year of manufacture. The name of Yeji-dong is derived from the two clauses of Inui-yi-ye-jisin (仁義礼智信), Ye (礼) and Ji (智), which are the five elements along with In (仁) and Ui (義) of Inui-Dong. Yeji-dong, a large commercial area since ancient times, is said to have been a place where many people and cars were running one after another as it was connected to Baeogae Market (predecessor of Leehyeon Market and Dongdaemun Market). It is densely populated with stone carpenters’ quarters and jade-made accessories, so it has maintained its existence to this day. In particular, the area around 39 and 149 is famous as a wholesale store for watches and precious metals.

It is known that the beginning of the watch alley was established by nearby watch merchants due to the covering of the Cheonggye Stream in the 1950s. The display stand, which started as an apple crate, turned into a glass display stand in the 1970s and 1980s, and later into a bustling shopping district. However, after the boom of the 1990s, watches gradually lost their place due to beepers and mobile phones, and the watch alley also naturally faced a period of stagnation.

In 2006, when the Seoul Metropolitan Government announced a redevelopment plan, a significant number of stores moved to the newly built Sewoon Square. Therefore, more than half of the shops in the watch alley are currently closed. Due to Jongmyo, which was listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, the redevelopment plan was suspended, and the city of Seoul, which planned a 32-story building, was unable to build a building higher than 16 stories.

No matter where you go in the world, it is hard to find a place where watchmakers gather in one place. The history created by the alleys and artisans should be preserved rather than being pushed away by the logic of development. Craftsmen in the alley and many people who remember the alley are waiting for the story of 'Clock Alley' to be continued and developed in 'Sewoon District 4'. Rumors have spread among watch maniacs, and now foreign watch makers are requesting repairs. As such, Yeji-dong Watch Alley is highly valued as an industry-specialized alley. This is because the entire process of product production, processing, completion, and sales is easy in the alleys of downtown. If this is activated, the effect of reviving the old Yeji-dong alley and downtown regeneration can be expected.

Year : 2018

Use : Cultural Complex

Location : 12-1 Pyeong-ri, Jochiwon, South Korea

Gross Floor Area : 719m²

Height : 1 stories (8.6m)

Structure : SRC

Material : AL curtail wall, Exposed concrete, Stone tile, Low-E glass

Year : 2017

Use : Ferry Terminal

Location : Yeouido Hangang Park, Seoul, Korea

Gross Floor Area : 2,135m2

Height : 2 stories (10m)

Structure : SRC

Material : AL curtail wall, Exposed concrete, Stone tile, Low-E glass

The site is located on riverside which is adjacent to the international business district. Flows of building skyline are tapered into the site. Residential blocks aligned through Yeouidong-ro strongly influences on riverside as blocking block. The site is main node point from Yeouido Station, Yeouido Department, Yeouido Park. Mulbit Square completed in 2009 acts as citizen’s shelter as urban void. Thus pedestrian flow, Yeouido Park-Mulbit Square-Yeouinaru, is expected after completion of Yeouinaru. The design concept of Yeouinaru has focused on expanding citizen’s activity to riverside based on broad pedestrian flow. At first, it has considered access flow from surroundings, Secondly, it has been intended to transfer such natural flow onto Yeouinaru without break. Consequently, it has been designed to act as circulation ring of urban context expanded from the urban center.

All berthing facilities are designed to make the direction of vessels to be paralleled with dominant wind direction(South-West in the warm season, North-East in the cold season). In a case of berthing, reflected wave by cross pattern has been minimized by a straight-aligned floating pier. Large vessels over 400t keep distance 40m at least from riverside to secure easy access to a pontoon. Vessels of 15t share fairway each other, floating pier reflected structural safety. The optimum distance of 15.5m is applied to avoid a crash between masts of yachts. H-shape has been applied to avoid vessel traffic by separating movement of large class vessels and middle-small class vessels. The H-shaped inner port secures safe circulation of small vessels below 15t even in bad weather. Yeouijeong has been planned as supporting facility not to block urban axis(Yeouido Station-Yeouinaru station) visually by dividing into 2 volumes. Green areas are located in between building volumes intentionally to reduce density. Scheduled facilities, Yeouijeong and Yeoui Terrace have been paralleled with urban context of existing residential blocks.

The platform has been designed to be recovered of buoyancy in a case of eccentric load(max. a weight of loading + extra weight by partial flooding). Regular sloping angle is maintained as under 1/10. Flooding level of 1/10 of pontoon height in the emergency has been applied. Each pontoon keeps distance to avoid a crash by wave movement, and protection fender is attached. Chains are connected by a fair leader.

Waterproof steel wall minimizes instability of weight caused by the eccentric load. High-strength rubber air chamber protects inside as double layers in a case of diverse crashes on a surface. Each air chamber has applied a buoyancy of additional weight by flooding water. Further steel tension cable of D5cm secures flexibility and strength in any movement. 

Year : 2016

Use : Visitor and Information Centre

Location : Tiergarten, Berlin, Germany

Gross Floor Area : 3,400m2

Height : 12m

Structure : Steel and Curtain Wall Panel

Status : Competition Entry

Year : 2014

Use : District Plan including Office, Housing, Commercial

Location : Seoul. Korea

Gross Floor Area : 54,270m2

Heigh : 10 stories (40m)

Structure : Steel Frame Structure

The main issue in Seoul, South Korea is how to deal with extreme weather condition; in summer, the maximum air temperature is almost 40 Celsius. in winter, the minimum air temperature is almost -15 Celsius (Fig 1 and Fig 2). Especially, it has monsoon period for 2 months. This causes high temperature and high humidity in warm period. Oppositely, it need more insolation during cool period. The materiality of building and paving on road promotes this harsh urban weather condition.The guaranteed method to solve this problem is harnessing winds and increasing flexibility in spaces (Fig 4). To be more specific, to harness winds, the built form is quite critical issue such as sloping degree and orientation. Further the flexibility in spaces can be increased by using transforming roof and movable facade (Fig 5). This kind of motive was starting point of this project. It is needed to go back to the natural adaptive forms how they deal with microclimate by their form and structure. Especially, butterflies cocoon shows perfect capability to adapt to natural variations making them to control respiration and shading from solar (Fig 3).

The site has two main microclimatic issues in terms of insolation rate and prevailing wind. First, during the warm period, insolation is excessive regardless of position. Almost 90 solar angle heats the surface of ground to 45 Celsius (Fig 6). At the end, this huge affects human’s thermal comfort in warm period. Because of high rate of insolation, pedestrian’s comfort has been collapsed entirely. In case of prevailing wind, globally it shows low level of wind velocity for the whole site area annually. It affects the no circulation of wind between buildings and alleys (Fig 7 and Fig 8). Thus to resolve these two issues; excessive solar radiation and low wind velocity, the mass needed to be designed to increase porosity in volume and envelope as well (Fig 9). Simultaneously, it is needed to satisfy the density of existing condition. According the density study, the density between 3.0 and 4.0 could be achieved the optimal density condition in site.    

By using transforming roof partially, the site can be secured adaptive environmental strategies. In specific, it was designed to reflect the insolation rate annually (Fig 10). To avoid excessive solar radiation in summer period, the roof will be closed during such harsh weather days. To get more solar radiation in winter period, the roof will be closed (Fig 11 and Fig 12). By this method, although the mass is huge, it is able to control microclimate condition effectively. For instance, in summer, there is huge variations in terms of PET(Positron emission tomography); in case of open, the PET raises up till 42 Celsius, oppositely it can be reduced till 27 Celsius in case of close the roof(Fig 13). Further, it has a benefit in terms of harnessing wind. According to the CFD, it shows that wind velocity is not enough to play a positive role in ventilating bad air trapping between building or alleys. The transforming roof can regulate this kind of microclimatic issues effectively; the wind can be drawn by Venturi effect. At the end, all kind of this sustainable architectural device will supply people with mild and uniform urban weather condition annually.  

Year : 2019

Use : Muesum

Location : 1-25 Changdong, Dobong-gu, Seoul. South Korea

Gross Floor Area : 6,125m2

Height : 4 stories (20m)

Structure : SRC

Material : AL curtail wall, AL Lourver, Stone tile, Low-E glass

The Robot Science Museum will be a huge ark containing the origin, history and potential of robots. It should have a future-oriented image in its shape and program. Numerous forms were derived in the design process, but the geometric future orientation did not represent the identity of the Robot Science Museum. As an ark, what volume should the Robot Science Museum have? It cannot be denied that he was obsessed with a simple and compact form to reflect these implicit characteristics. The form derived as a result of such contemplation is 'Seed'. Accordingly, the identity of the Robot Science Museum was determined with the concept of 'The Cubical Seed' by synthesizing the concept of 'Cube', which is the basic form of robots and the human realm including architecture.

In the massing process, the optimal volume shape was derived according to the required area (PHASE 1). The front of the Robot Science Museum is open to the south-east-west except for the north side facing the apartment complex. In other words, since the surrounding density is relatively low, it is possible to create a pleasant outdoor environment through separation from the surrounding area. To this end, a leisurely distance of 6-7m from the building boundary was created to form a pedestrian plaza that can respond to the expected increase in visitation demand and resident activities (PHASE 2). Next, by lifting a part of the front part of the mass, accessibility was secured and at the same time, the inflow of sunlight was intended. Pedestrians flowing into the lower part of the piloti on the first floor formed while lifting approach (PHASE 3). The void penetrating the entire building increases natural ventilation and sunlight to create a pleasant indoor environment (PHASE 4).

The Robot Science Museum has a frontal aspect on the south side, so it is a favorable condition to secure the amount of sunlight flowing in. Accordingly, the façade was designed to respond efficiently according to the amount of incident by season in order to secure appropriate energy from all sides of the mass. In particular, on the south side, where solar radiation is high, the thermal performance of the building was improved by increasing the concrete surface area rather than the front glass. In the lobby, cafe, and museum where openness is emphasized, full glass is installed to ensure sufficient visual openness. Unlike the existing vertical louver system integrated with the curtain wall, it was intended to allow air circulation between the vertical louver and the curtain wall surface by spacing 800mm from the surface of the curtain wall. Cross ventilation was intended by installing a ventilation in-let at the upper and lower ends of the curtain wall to allow this circulation to flow into the room fluidly. The façade by vertical louvers was intended and designed as a breather that enables the respiration of the building. Rather than artificial ventilation control through facilities, an atrium was installed in the center to enable natural ventilation through cross ventilation. Through this, the outdoor air flowing in from the Sky Garden was circulated inside and delivered to the ground floor.

Users visiting this building are largely divided into three categories: local residents, foreign visitors, and related persons. In the case of local residents, it is expected that the frequency of use of seminar rooms, cafes, and educational facilities that are in charge of educational functions will be high. Accordingly, the educational facility was placed on the 4th floor to separate the area from the exhibition hall, which is expected to be relatively occupied by foreign visitors, to avoid conflicting traffic lines. Foreign visitors are expected to mainly use exhibition halls, cafes, and seminar rooms. In particular, it is judged that public transportation will be used to access the building due to the lack of nearby parking facilities and the limitation of parking within the building. Accordingly, the exhibition halls were placed on the 1st and 3rd floors to respond to demand. In the case of office facilities, they are placed on the second floor, where the entire building can be managed and supervised, so that smooth maintenance and management can be carried out in permanent and emergency situations.

Year : 2017

Use : Cultural Complex

Location : 1-4, Dongsomun-dong 1-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, South Korea

Gross Floor Area : 8,056m²

Height : 4 stories (16.6m)

Structure : SRC

Material : AL curtail wall, Exposed concrete, Stone tile, Low-E glass

When I visited the site, I was impressed with the 12m high embankment. First, I looked around the side of the site along Seongbuk-ro 2-gil, and was able to access the park, which was built in layers along the inner passage. The site is isolated from the surroundings by being surrounded by a high embankment, while facing the main road of Seongbuk-ro, 8 lanes, where integrity must be emphasized in the context. A park was built on the embankment to serve as a shelter for residents, but its function is not functioning properly due to poor accessibility. The site was isolated like a castle in a densely populated city center, but on the other hand, it has an interesting condition with great potential due to its closedness that is not open. Moreover, despite the high rent, there are no adjacent buildings, and as it is located in the corner area of Hansung University Station intersection, it has challenges that its identity will inevitably be judged depending on what kind of design it will be in the future.

Users who visit this building are largely divided into three categories: local residents, visitors, and related persons. In the case of local residents, it is expected that the frequency of use of the theater classroom, book cafe, exhibition space, and rooftop garden, which are in charge of educational functions, will be high. Accordingly, with the intention of utilizing the main occupied area through the relatively easy-to-access rooftop garden, the theater classroom, book cafe, and exhibition space were zoned on the upper floors connected to the rooftop garden. In the case of external visitors, it is expected that they will use the building for the purpose of visiting small theaters, black box theaters, and theater practice rooms. In particular, it is judged that public transportation will be used to access the building due to the lack of nearby parking facilities and the limitation of parking within the building. Accordingly, the underground connection passage directly from Hansung University Station to the building was zoned on the first basement floor, and frequently used small theaters, black box theaters, ticket boxes, and snack corners were zoned on the lower floors. In the case of officials, it was intended to use the same movement line so that the theater people and the facility manager could be closely connected with each other. A separate entrance was placed on the east side of the building, which is relatively inaccessible, to separate the traffic from local residents and visitors to reduce confusion from the intersection of traffic lines. Programs such as 7 practice rooms and reading rooms, which are mainly used by theater people, are zoned in the middle of the building. Through the front glass façade, citizens can see the practice in an interesting way.

In addition to the open façade, the most unique concept of this building lies in the way it connects with the rooftop garden. As can be seen from the bird's eye view, the 4th floor was zoned with a book cafe and exhibition space along with a rooftop garden, intended to be a rooftop garden open to citizens. It is not simply a building for theatrical people, local residents, and spectators, but a garden that is open to ordinary citizens passing by, where anyone can take a break. Accordingly, all floors are barrier-free, and a three-dimensional circulation was planned for both disabled and non-disabled people to move freely. An open circulation from the ground floor to the rooftop was intended through the core and escalators located at the west and east corners, respectively. (Fig 3) In addition, as mentioned above, by separating the flow lines of the local residents, visitors, and related persons, the efficiency was increased by occupying separate areas from each other. (Fig 4) In the case of small theaters, black box theaters, and underground passageways where a large number of spectators will be temporarily concentrated, a front room with an effective width of 5m or more was placed to avoid confusion.

This building made the most of the condition that the front of the building was completely open to the southwest. Rather than artificial ventilation control through the use of facilities and equipment, two courtyards were installed to enable natural ventilation through cross ventilation up to the middle floors of the building. (Fig 5) Through these two courtyards, the outdoor air flowing in from the rooftop garden was naturally circulated inside the building and delivered to the ground floor. In addition, it was intended to be a building that utilizes natural light as much as possible by installing a light shelf on the front window so that natural light can flow into the interior where the span is relatively deep.